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Aneurin Bevan was born on 15 November 1897 in Tredegar in Wales. Attlee and Labour were ousted from power in a snap election held six months after Bevan's resignation, but Attlee continued on as Labour Party Leader. Omissions? [11] Bevan remained at the college until 1921, attending at a time when a number of his contemporaries from South Wales, including Jim Griffiths, were also students at the college. Nye Bevan Speech (1946) - YouTube [121] In May 1960 Jawaharlal Nehru, Prime Minister of India, while in England visited Bevan at his home in Asheridge Farm (where Bevan was a keen amateur farmer, keeping cattle and pigs).[122]. Bevan was not academically sharp Aneurin Bevan with his eye on the Ball. Use the tabs above to learn about Nye Bevan's life, work and ideas, as well as the history of the NHS. He is particularly noted for his tenure as Minister for Health in Clement Attlee's government, in which he pioneered the creation of the British National Health Service. Lesser-known, perhaps, is Bevans own personal background. [133] The following year, Bevan was voted number one in the 100 Welsh Heroes poll, a response to find the public's favourite Welsh people of all time. London.A man presents Mr Aneurin (Nye) Bevan, Minister of Health, to a large gathering of National Federation of Building Trades Operatives - natural sound. When Labour supported the government's scheme with no such conditions, Bevan denounced Labour for imploring the people on recruiting platforms to put themselves under the leadership of their opponents. [96] In the opening page of the book, Bevan begins: "A young miner in a South Wales colliery, my concern was with the one practical question: Where does power lie in this particular state of Great Britain, and how can it be attained by the workers? He was no calculating machine. In 2004, more than 44 years after his death, he was voted first in a list of 100 Welsh Heroes, having been credited for his contribution to the founding of the welfare state in the UK. Who was Aneurin Bevan, when did he create the NHS and where - The Sun [32][33] Bevan and another expelled MP, George Strauss, appealed against the decision. [9][20] In keeping with his background, Bevan described his initial thoughts on the House of Commons as a shrine to "the most conservative of all religions ancestor worship". Bevan then endured another year of unemployment, the family surviving on his sister's wages, when his unemployment benefit was stopped due to her income, and his father's sick pay. [51] He also voiced criticism of trade union leaders, which drew complaints from both the Miners' Federation and the Trades Union Congress. Aneurin Bevan - Spartacus Educational Happy travels! His opposition to the Labour leadership's approach was partly based on his view that the leadership of the Labour Party was not demanding assurances from the Government on its foreign policy as a price for the party's support for re-armament as expressed in his speech to the Bournemouth Conference of that year: we should say to the country we are prepared to make whatever sacrifices are necessary, to give whatever arms are necessary to fight Fascist powers and in order to consolidate world peace[39]. Shortly afterwards he resigned from the government in protest at the introduction of prescription charges for dental care and spectacles. He compared Gamal Abdel Nasser with Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves, from One Thousand and One Nights. 70 years of the NHS: How Aneurin Bevan created our beloved health On 5 July 1948, the government took over responsibility for all medical services and there was free diagnosis and treatment for all. His appointment came with great displeasure from political opponents and members of his party. [12] In Parliament, he became noticed as a harsh critic of those he felt opposed the working man and woman. He was Chief of Staff in Spain, he won the Battle of the Ebro, and he is a sergeant. With his activism and exuberance, his employer Tredegar Iron Company saw him as a troublesome person but he amazingly became a popular local speaker. [127], Bevan's most significant legacy is the National Health Service. No falsity must touch him once he is no longer available to defend his views. In 1925, Bevans father died of pneumoconiosis, a lung condition caused by long term inhalation of coal dust, but no compensation was paid. Bevan had been a supporter of the Liberal Party in his youth, but was converted to socialism by the writings of Robert Blatchford in The Clarion and joined the Independent Labour Party. Bevan was critical of the leadership of the British Army, which he felt was class bound and inflexible. Aneurin Bevan was born on 15 November 1897 at 32 Charles Street in Tredegar, Monmouthshire, a working-class mining town, where an estimated 90 per cent of the town's inhabitants relied on the local mines for employment. [46] Historian Max Hastings described Bevan's role in Parliament during the war as "his figures were accurate but his scorn was at odds with the spirit of the momentfull of gratitude, as was the prime minister". Aneurin Bevan and the setting up of the NHS The National Health Service. Bevan was named Minister of Labour in 1951, but resigned after two months in office, when the Attlee government proposed the introduction of prescription charges for dental and vision care and decided to transfer funds from the National Insurance Fund to pay for rearmament. Two of the key elements of Bevan's proposals were this nationalisation of the hospital services and the abolition of the sale and purchase of goodwill by general practitioners. [90] Bevan received unanimous support for his actions from his local Labour constituency leaders. At a dinner in late 1955 or early 1956 to celebrate the publication of the Guillebaud Report into NHS costs Bevan remarked to Julian Tudor Hart "ultimately I had to stuff their mouths with gold" about his handling of the consultants. When Attlee retired from the leadership in 1955, Bevan unsuccessfully contested the party leadership with Hugh Gaitskell, but was appointed Shadow Colonial Secretary and later Shadow Foreign Secretary. Though described as an outstanding back-bench critic and an excellent debater, Bevan had long clashed with Attlee, even before being in his cabinet, because he thought he hadnt held the Tory party to account properly throughout World War Two. Despite his conflict with Attlee, Bevan was instrumental in developing a program that oversaw the building of 850,000 new homes between 1945 and 1950, which were good quality houses, owned by local councils and rented out to people at affordable prices. [112] Speaking at the 1957 Labour Party conference, he decried unilateral nuclear disarmament, saying "It would send a British Foreign Secretary naked into the conference-chamber". Photo by University of Liverpool Faculty of Health & Life Sciences from Liverpool, United Kingdom Wikimedia Commons. [18], In 1928, Bevan won a seat on Monmouthshire County Council in the Tredegar Central Division. His agitations for a united socialist front of all parties of the left (including the Communist Party of Great Britain) led to his brief expulsion from the Labour Party from March to November 1939 (along with Stafford Cripps, C. P. Trevelyan and three others). While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. [132] In 2002, Bevan was voted as the 45th greatest Briton of all time by the BBC public opinion poll, 100 Greatest Britons. As a result of this success, he was picked as the Labour Party candidate for Ebbw Vale, then easily held the seat in the 1929 General Election, receiving more than twice the number of votes as the Liberal candidate. He was the architect of the National Health Service and leader of the left-wing (Bevanite) group of the Labour Party. [61], The free National Health Service was paid for directly through public money. 9 Necessary Facts about the NHS - Fact City We are going to Tredegar-ise you. [136], In 2015, Welsh actor Michael Sheen gave a speech in which he described Bevan as a mythical creature, stating, "He had cast-iron integrity and a raging passion".[12]. Aneurin Bevan, byname Nye Bevan, (born November 15, 1897, Tredegar, Monmouthshire [now in Blaenau Gwent], Walesdied July 6, 1960, Chesham, Buckinghamshire), controversial figure in post-World War II British politics and one of the finest orators of the time. The memorial stones of Aneurin Bevan in Tredegar, 2011. Read more. Use the tabs aboveto learn about Nye Bevans life, work and ideas, as well as the history of the NHS. [123][124] An open-air service was held in his constituency of Ebbw Vale and was presided over by Donald Soper. Conway was a local miner who had been elected to the Bedwellty Board of Guardians and offered Bevan advice on overcoming his stammer, stating "if you can't say it, you don't know it". Get out! Dr James Calvert, medical director for Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, said it was important to remember the report was made during the pandemic, "which has significantly disrupted the . [63] Having been a member of the Cottage Hospital Management Committee around 1928 and serving as chairman in 192930, Bevan had received an insight into the management of health services by local authorities, which proved to be a bedrock of his work in founding the National Health Service.[48]. Some historians have questioned how influential the college was on his political development. Bevan was actually against British membership of the Common Market. He is particularly noted for his tenure as Minister for Health in Clement Attlees government, in which he pioneered the creation of the British National Health Service. He was readmitted in November, the same year after he agreed to desist from involving himself in campaigns that opposed the declared policy of the Party. Bevan always stood up for the underdog, and was a voice for the unemployed in the period between the two world wars when joblessness was a major domestic political issue. From 1950, onwards it's been attacked, the reason he resigned from government, but has managed to last 75yrs. We will send you the latest TV programmes, podcast episodes and articles, as well as exclusive offers from our shop and carefully selected partners. [130] The Nye Bevan Estate in Clapton Park, Hackney, London, was named after Bevan, and was opened in October 1962 by his friend and biographer Michael Foot. ], In 1951, with the retirement of Ernest Bevin, Bevan was a leading candidate for Foreign Secretary. Aneurin's mother was also from Tredegar, but had English roots: her grandfather was from Hereford. The National Health Service was launched in 1948, and Bevan is quoted as saying, No society can legitimately call itself civilised if a sick person is denied medical aid because of a lack of means. Inspired by the Tredger Medical Aid Society of South Wales, Bevan initiated the National Health Service (NHS), which was managed with public funds and aimed to provide free medical . After the landslide Labour victory in the 1945 general election, Bevan was appointed minister of health, responsible for establishing the National Health Service. [91], Later the same year, the Labour Party were defeated at the general election. In his biography of Bevan, John Campbell wrote, "Bevan's impetuous temperament, undiplomatic tone and reputation as an extreme left-winger combined to make the Foreign Office seem the last place a prudent Prime Minister would think of putting him at any time. The latter sale and purchase of goodwill often placed new entrants to the GP profession under large amounts of debt. Corrections? This was after he had won a seat on the Monmouthshire County Council in 1928. His nomination received a severe blow on the same day it was announced, when two unions that traditionally sided with the left, the National Union of Mineworkers and the Amalgamated Engineering Union, pledged their support for his opponent. He was convinced that. [15] Apart from a six-week period as a labourer for Tredegar Council, he did not find work until 1924 and his employer, the Bedwellty Colliery, closed down ten months later. For local insights and insiders travel tips that you wont find anywhere else, search any keywords in the top right-hand toolbar on this page. [19] With his success in 1928, he was picked as the Labour Party candidate for Ebbw Vale (displacing the sitting MP Evan Davies),[20] and easily held the seat at the 1929 General Election. His wage of 5 a week was paid by the members of the local Miners' Lodge. He first became an MP for Ebbw Vale in 1929. They would collect money weekly for any member who needed it. Welsh Greats - Aneurin Bevan - YouTube Aneurin Bevan was a British Labour Party politician who took up the portfolio of Health and Housing during Clement Attlee's government from 1945 to 1951. He was later fired for refusing to unload, and successfully challenged the motion but was moved to Pochin, generally considered a punishment due to the poor site conditions. He was a strong critic of the arming policy the British government adopted during the rise of Hitler. Hundreds of history documentaries, ad free podcasts and subscriber rewards. [36] He was a strong critic of Chamberlain, arguing that his old rival Winston Churchill should become prime minister. If nations more powerful than ourselves accept the absence of principle, the anarchistic attitude of Eden and launch bombs on London, what answer have we got, what complaint have we got? William Shakespeares Wife: Who Was Anne Hathaway? KS2 All About Aneurin Bevan PowerPoint (Teacher-Made) Bevan was a great personal charm but was sometimes so rude to opponents that Churchill once called him a merchant of discourtesy. The Aneurin Bevan, former Cross Inn, September 2018, This is a photo of the listed building number. Prime Minister Attlee rejected Bevan in favour of Herbert Morrison because he distrusted Bevan's personality. After Bevan left the Health ministry in 1951 he could never regain his level of success and feuded with fellow Labour leaders, using his strong political base as a weapon. He was the sixth of ten children born to Phoebe and David Bevan, of whom only eight survived infancy and only six to adulthood. In 1957, Bevan, Richard Crossman and the Labour Party's General Secretary Morgan Phillips sued The Spectator magazine for libel, after one of its writers described them as drinking heavily during an Italian Socialist Party conference. Portrait of Aneurin Bevan. He published the bookIn Place of Fear in 1952, which became the most read socialist book at the time. Historian Kenneth O. Morgan says, "Bevan alone kept the flag of left-wing socialism aloft throughoutwhich gave him a matchless authority amongst the constituency parties and in party conference". Along with this, the Medical Practices Committee was to oversee the distribution of GP practices a proposal which the previous Coalition Minister had withdrawn after opposition from the British Medical Association. [80], At a party rally in 1948, during a speech, Bevan stated: "That is why no amount of cajolery, and no attempts at ethical or social seduction, can eradicate from my heart a deep burning hatred for the Tory Party that inflicted those bitter experiences on me. During World War Two, Bevan was one of the leaders of the left in the House of Commons. There is a man in the British Army who flung 150,000 men across the Ebro in Spain, Michael Dunbar. [54], He believed that the Second World War would give Britain the opportunity to create "a new society". From 1940 to 1945 he was editor of the independent Socialist Tribune. Bevan also failed in a bid to become deputy leader, losing out to Jim Griffiths. [62] This system proved so popular that 20,000 people supported the organisation during the 1930s. After a Labour landslide victory in 1945, Clement Attlee appointed Bevan Minister of Health, with a remit that also covered housing, given the severe post-war shortage. Bevan led the left wing of the Labour Party, known as the 'Bevanites', for the next five years. Nonetheless, for the next few years, Bevan was at the centre of controversy within the party earning the nickname Nye the Rhetorician and ultimately gave his name to the partys more left-leaning radical wing, which included campaigning for nuclear disarmament. Bevanism was opposed by the Gaitskellites, moderate social democrats within the party. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. Aneurin had a stammer as a child which he would later overcome and be recognised as a great public speaker. At an early age of only 19 years, he became a trade union activist and headed the local miners lodge after joining the Tredegar branch of the South Wales Miner Federation. Rediscovering Richard III with Matt Lewis, Rome and the Amalfi Coast with Tristan Hughes, Conservative Prime Minister Harold Macmillan, How Rome Became the Sole Superpower in the Mediterranean, Charles Martel: A Heroic Leader of Medieval Europe. [60] Bevan tested this newfound solidarity early on by arriving to a royal banquet at St James's Palace wearing a navy lounge suit. In his political career, Bevan served as a minister of health in Clement Attlees Labor government of 1945, he was responsible for developing housing programs and for establishing the National Health Service. [Nye] was never a hypocrite. At the start of World War Two the government realised that, if it was to cope with the huge number of anticipated . Raised in Monmouthshire by a Welsh working-class family, he was the son of a coal miner and left school at 14. In 1947, Bevan stated "All I am doing is extending to the entire population of Britain the benefits we had in Tredegar for a generation or more. He died on 6 July 1960. Bevan died in his sleep at 4.10pm on 6 July 1960, at the age of 62, at his home, Asheridge Farm, Chesham, Buckinghamshire. There, he spent two years studying economics, politics and history. He became a well-known local orator, and was regarded with suspicion by his employers, the Tredegar Iron and Coal Company. 105 Facts About Aneurin Bevan | FactSnippet We may all come from different walks of life but we have one common passion - learning through travel. Bevan's past association with Mosley would be used against him in subsequent years by his political rivals. After two years at Central Labour College, London, he entered politics and in 1929 was elected to the House of Commons as Labour member from Ebbw Vale. [70][71] The aim was to create new homes and communities with a place for all sections of society: We should try to introduce in our modern villages and towns what was always the lovely feature of English and Welsh villages, where the doctor, the grocer, the butcher and the farm labourer all lived in the same street. What does Aneurin Bevan's legacy mean today? - Cardiff University [102], In March 1955, when Britain was preparing for Operation Grapple, the testing of its first hydrogen bomb, Bevan led a revolt of 57 Labour MPs and abstained on a key vote. "Oratory in Political Life,", This page was last edited on 14 April 2023, at 03:25. [45][by whom? BBC Wales - History - Themes - Aneurin Bevan Aneurin's name is pronounced 'uh-ny-rin'. Excerpts from Bevan's speeches are included in Greg Rosen's book Old Labour to New: the dreams that inspired, the battles that divided (published by Methuen in 2005 (ISBN978-1-84275-045-2)). In 1934,Aneurin BevanmarriedSocialist MP, Jennie Lee. [13], Bevan was one of the founding members of the "Query Club" with his brother Billy and Walter Conway. Photo by Howard Coster Wikimedia Commons. Aneurin Bevan | Founder of the National Health Service It was during this period that he became convinced by the ideas of socialism. Thus, the responsibility for instituting a new and comprehensive National Health Service, as well as tackling the country's severe post-war housing shortage, was given to Bevan, the youngest member of Attlee's Cabinet in his first ministerial position at the age of 47. He was not, apparently, one of the most diligent students, and found it difficult to follow an organised routine, including arising early for breakfast. [22][23] He had solid support from his constituency, being one of the few Labour MPs to be unopposed in the 1931 General Election, and this support grew through the 1930s and the period of the Great Depression. It was Aneurin Bevan, the Minister of Health in the UK from 1945 to 1951, who started the NHS in 1948. On the day, Bevan attended a ceremony at the Park Hospital, Trafford (now Trafford General), at which he symbolically received the keys to the hospital. In the speeches section, we will be building an archive of Bevans greatest oratory including archive recordings. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aneurin_Bevan&oldid=1149734012, Fairlie, Henry. A colourful public personality and a brilliant spontaneous debater, he had great personal charm but was sometimes so rude to opponents that Churchill once called him a merchant of discourtesy. After his defeat as party leader by Hugh Gaitskell (1955), he accepted his partys policies and became shadow foreign secretary. Soon, thereafter became an activist and initially, a supporter of syndicalism. NHS: Tredegar building to tell story of Aneurin Bevan's inspiration Contact, Facts are available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. Why this is so it is not difficult to understand, if you view everything from the angle of a strictly individualistic competitive society. The three won their case, and obtained financial damages of 2,500 each. Image Credit: Peter Aylmer / Nye Bevan stones / CC BY-SA 2.0 / Wikimedia Commons. Photo by Duncan from Leicestershire, UK Wikimedia Commons. "[49], Dunbar had been recommended for a commission, but rejected it himself to remain with his unit. Nye gave us the greatest Socalist model ever seen in 1948. [29][30] They were early supporters of the socialists in the Spanish Civil War, and Bevan visited the country in 1938. Perhaps the greatest and certainly one of the most controversial of Labour Party politicians, Bevan was born in Tredegar, a miner's son in a dissenting family. Aneurin Bevan Facts: Aneurin Bevan was a Welsh Labour politician widely considered the architect of the National Health Service. After his studies in 1921, he returned home without work as the Tredegar Iron & Coal Company refused to re-engage him. Aneurin "Nye" Bevan was a Welsh politician born on November 15, 1897. photo by Elliott & Fry Wikimedia Commons. C. 1924. His father was a coal miner and his mother worked as a seamstress. ", "The NHS: even more cherished than the monarchy and the army", "Aneurin Bevan / 100 Welsh Heroes / 100 Arwyr Cymru", "Hospital named after Aneurin Bevan opens in Ebbw Vale", contributions in Parliament by Aneurin Bevan, Aneurin Bevan and the foundation of the NHS: Socialist Health Association website. KidzSearch Safe Wikipedia for Kids. In 1959, Bevan was elected deputy leader of the Labour Party, although he was already suffering from terminal cancer. He was first elected as MP for Ebbw Vale in 1929, and used his Parliamentary platform to make a number of influential criticisms of Winston Churchill and his Conservative government during the Second World War. Whether you want to learn the history of a city, or you simply need a recommendation for your next meal, Discover Walks Team offers an ever-growing travel encyclopaedia. [67][65] Some 2,688 voluntary and municipal hospitals in England and Wales were nationalised and came under Bevan's supervisory control as Health Minister. He was called up for service during the First World War, and was briefly arrested when his sister Blodwen burnt his conscription papers and he failed to report for duty. [1][3], The couple had ten children altogethersix boys and four girlsalthough four died in infancy and one died at the age of eight.
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