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Would a deactivation feature only be needed for systems with a persistent audible warning? Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21), Public Law 112-141 (2012). See also Buckling Up: Technologies to Increase Seat Belt Use. Webpounds or less. 36, 38. The initial audible signal must not exceed 30 seconds and the final audible signal must be at least 90 seconds. 26. on FederalRegister.gov Should the system be required to register small children that would presumably be placed in a child restraint system? About the Federal Register We also seek comment on whether NHTSA should propose that information be provided in the vehicle owner's manual that accurately describes the warning system's features, including the location and format of the visual warnings, in an easily understandable format. Seat belt warning systems encourage seat belt use by reminding unbuckled occupants to fasten their belts and/or by informing the driver that an occupant is unbelted, so that the driver can request the unbelted occupant to fasten their seat belt. [35] WebOption 1 - Combination of Perpendicular and Oblique Rigid Barrier Tests: The first option is the unbelted rigid barrier test of impact speed 0 to 48 kmph and impact angle 0 to 30o. 32. 16 will require a rear seat belt warning. g. (NH4)2CO3\left(\mathrm{NH}_4\right)_2 \mathrm{CO}_3(NH4)2CO3 Should the warning be standardized, and would this increase the likelihood that consumers would notice, recognize, and respond to the warnings? These markup elements allow the user to see how the document follows the NHTSA also seeks comment on proposing multiple compliance options for the warning system requirements. 68. Mazda and Ford introduced rear seat belt reminders in MY 2018 and 2019, respectively. Vehicles with a larger number of rear seats may present visual signal complexities and other challenges. DOT HS 812 069. (The results of this study, which involved a consumer phone survey and was completed in 2015, are discussed later in this document.). Even for seats where the connections are automatically established when the seat is reinstalled, the automatic connectors might malfunction and a proper connection may not be made. Are there other triggering conditions for the start of a trip NHTSA should consider, and what would be the justification for choosing them? Euro NCAP introduced SBRS bonus points in 2002. The warning must be noticeable enough to prompt occupants to buckle their seat belts, but not so intrusive that the public does not accept the warning system, that an occupant will circumvent or disable it, or that the warning system could lead to driver distraction that could increase the risk of a crash.[98]. the safest place for a child of any age to ride is in the ____ seat. Note that all comments received will be posted without change to http://www.regulations.gov,, including any personal information provided. Describe any assumptions you make and provide any technical information and/or data that you used. Most currently-produced vehicles also have a seat belt warning for the front outboard passenger seat, although FMVSS No. This site displays a prototype of a Web 2.0 version of the daily N. Lerner et al. The hours of the docket are indicated above in the same location. Road rage is the term used to refer to physical assaults that result from a traffic dispute. NHTSA is, however, cognizant of the fact that longer warnings lead to annoyance. 208, S7.3; this amendment would reflect MAP-21's repeal of the statutory limitation that was the basis for this provision. 208 requirement.[36]. 0000005625 00000 n This study, which was completed in 2015, involved a telephone survey of the drivers of vehicles with and without rear seat belt warning systems. NHTSA's research (for front seat belt Start Printed Page 51087warnings) suggests that longer-duration warnings are more effective, but also more annoying. __________ is a type of drug that temporarily stimulates some vital process or organ in the body. [79] See Transportation Research Board Study, supra, p. 31 n.3. 0000003571 00000 n 30124. WebThe following vehicles can use the Express Lanes. on Similarly, should there be criteria for the duration of the warning? If an audible warning requirement were adopted for the change-of-status warning, what should the minimum duration of an audible warning be? WebRoad rage is the term used to refer to physical assults that result from a traffic dispute True It has been estimated that over the last ten years aggressive driving has cost society $24 Defensive Driving Course Answers, Traffic School Online Test: Among those that supported requiring rear seat belt warnings were IEE S.A., Consumers Union, Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, the Automotive Occupant Restraint Council (now known as the Automotive Safety Council), and the American Academy of Pediatrics. L. 112-141) directs the Secretary[5] 3, April 25, 2019, p. 5. It directs the Secretary to either issue a final rule, or, if the Secretary determines that such an amendment does not meet the requirements and considerations of 49 U.S.C. 0000014383 00000 n This series of research studies showed, among other things, that the presence of an enhanced front seat belt reminder system increased front outboard passenger seat belt use by about 3 to 4 percentage points more than in vehicles with only a driver seat belt warning system meeting the minimum requirements in S7.3. DOT HS 812 593). In 2002 and 2003, NHTSA sent letters to several vehicle manufacturers encouraging them to enhance seat belt warning systems beyond the FMVSS No. NHTSA has, over time, used a variety of strategies to increase seat belt use, including sponsoring national media campaigns, providing assistance to states enacting seat belt use laws and high-visibility enforcement campaigns, and facilitating or requiring vehicle-based strategies. Under good weather and clear visibility, what minimum following distance should you keep between your car and the car in front of you? 04/28/2023, 858 [16] When prescribing such standards, the Secretary must consider all relevant, available motor vehicle safety information. NHTSA seeks comment on whether, and to what degree, a rear seat belt warning would be effective. Unrestrained passenger vehicle occupant fatalities up 14% Motorcyclist fatalities up 11% (highest number since first data collection in 1975) Bicyclist fatalities up 9.2% (highest number since 1987) Passenger car occupant fatalities up 9% Fatalities in urban areas up 8.5% Pedestrian fatalities up 3.9% (highest number since 1989) 30111,[43] 86. DOT HS 812 142. In 2012, Congress passed MAP-21. On the basis of the general solubility rules given in Table 7.1, predict which of the following substances are likely to be appreciably soluble in water. Performance assessment of prototype seat belt misuse detection system (Report No. Only official editions of the For systems with rear seat occupant detection, a 30-second audible signal needs to activate before reaching a vehicle speed of 25 km/h or before traveling 500 meters when any occupied seat has an unbuckled belt. How would increasing seat belt use affect the number of killed or There are, of course, a variety of other ways the warning system might be intentionally or inadvertently circumvented. documents in the last year, by the Environmental Protection Agency and buses with a GVWR of 3,855 kg (8,500 lb) or less and an unloaded weight less than or equal to 2,495 kg (5,500 lb). [95], NHTSA has conducted a variety of research relating to the effectiveness of in-vehicle seat belt warnings. 0000046831 00000 n documents in the last year, 9 NHTSA seeks comment on whether the warning should be visible to the driver, the rear passenger(s), or both. This requires, among other things, that a federal motor vehicle safety standard be practicable, meet the need for motor vehicle safety, and be stated in objective terms. 0000057729 00000 n Boyle & Lampkin, supra, p. 75. Get an answer. (2019, February). Alternative warning systems. from 40 agencies. Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, p. 66; and IIHS Status Report Vol. 63. This document has been published in the Federal Register. SAE Technical Paper 950865, International Congress and Exposition, Society of Automotive Engineers, Detroit, Michigan, Feb. 27-March 2 (1995). [88] The vehicle-based strategies included encouraging vehicle manufacturers to voluntarily install enhanced seat belt warning systems; providing consumer information on vehicles equipped with enhanced warning systems as part of NCAP; and continued monitoring and assessment of the effectiveness and acceptability of enhanced seat belt warnings through research. NHTSA also seeks comment on the results of the 2015 survey, including whether and to what extent, selection bias might influence the results. 84. With occupant detection, a warning system can provide more informative warnings. They prevent occupants from being ejected from the vehicle; provide ride-down by gradually decelerating the occupant as the vehicle deforms and absorbs energy; and reduce the occurrence of occupant contact with harmful interior surfaces and other occupants. We seek comment on what vehicle types should be included and excluded, including the costs and benefits of inclusion. documents in the last year, 19 FMVSS No. As it continues with this proceeding, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) seeks comment on a variety of issues related to a requirement for a rear seat belt warning system, including potential requirements for such systems, the vehicles to which they should apply, their effectiveness, the likely consumer acceptance, and the associated costs and benefits. 33. We are aware that implementing a visual warning may require physical redesign of the instrument panel. Explain why you agree or disagree, suggest alternatives, and substitute language for your requested changes. 67-68. Although seat belt use has steadily increased over the past few decades, usage rates for rear belts have consistently fallen below those for the front seats. 208 requires a seat belt warning system for the driver's seat, but not other seating positions. Traffic signals direct traffic flow from two different directions. DOT 2007 Acceptability Study, supra, pp. Smith, Michael Abbott, Texas CDL Section 14 Special Requirements. 73. How many moles of magnesium were used in this reaction? 102. The ______signals the driver to proceed with the presumed right of way while still using caution. Fatality Reduction by Seat Belts in the Center Rear Seat and Comparison of Occupants' Relative Fatality Risk at Various Seating Positions. Unbelted vehicle occupants reach 0 mph by striking the windshield, steering column and dashboard. Modern vehicles are designed to crush when they crash to absorb kinetic energy. Even with modern cars that are designed to absorb the energy of impact, a head-on collision may have more energy than the car design can dissipate. Li, R., Pickrell, T.M. For complete information about, and access to, our official publications By definition, a motor vehicle crash must involve at least one motor vehicle in transport. 0000031738 00000 n See infra, Part V. 46. 37. Li, R., Pickrell, T.M. The agency also determined that the Safety Act did not prohibit manufacturers from implementing enhanced warning systems as long as the manufacturer provided some means of differentiating the voluntarily-provided signal from the required signal (for example, by a clearly distinguished lapse in time between the two signals). A rear-belt warning system may therefore present potential wiring complexities, particularly in vehicles with removable, folding, rotating, or stowable seats. [29] 2009. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Effectiveness and Acceptance of Enhanced Seat Belt Reminder Systems: Characteristics of Optimal Reminder Systems, Final Report. daily Federal Register on FederalRegister.gov will remain an unofficial However, such systems might require occupant detection sensors in order to minimize or eliminate false warnings. U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, [Found in the docket for this ANPRM.]. 1503 & 1507. S4.2.6 (with the exception of some options). DOT 2009 Belt Warning Study, supra, p. 2; Transportation Research Board Study, supra, p. 8. FMVSS No. Are there new and innovative wireless technologies that could reduce or eliminate wiring complexities, such as those used in tire pressure monitoring systems? seat-belt [49] 11. DOT 2009 Belt Warning Study, supra. Open for Comment, Applications for New Awards-American History and Civics Education National Activities Program, Economic Sanctions & Foreign Assets Control, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Salmonella in Not-Ready-To-Eat Breaded Stuffed Chicken Products, Authority To Order the Ready Reserve of the Armed Forces to Active Duty To Address International Drug Trafficking, Revitalizing Our Nation's Commitment to Environmental Justice for All, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Current Driver's Seat Belt Warning Requirements, NHTSA Experience in the 1970s: Consumer Backlash Against Seat Belt Interlock and Subsequent Statutory Limitation on Belt Warning Requirements, IV. HIGH SPEED UNBELTED TEST REQUIREMENT OF Making the system resistant to intentional and inadvertent defeat. 208 by removing the 8-second limitation would eliminate the need to differentiate between signals and give vehicle manufacturers greater flexibility in designing their seat belt warning systems. Key Findings Fifty-one percent of passenger vehicle . 208 is this statutory limitation. 4172 0 obj <>stream You can arrange with the docket to be notified when others file comments in the docket. 0000046355 00000 n Starting in September 2019, the Economic Commission for Europe (ECE) Regulation No. 0000009615 00000 n Lives Saved Calculations for Seat Belts and Frontal Air Bags. 8. 23. Web(SHSP) is to reach zero fatalities. 0000020009 00000 n on NARA's archives.gov. that have the potential to raise and/or sustain safety belt use rates. The report went on to identify several such initiatives, which it classified as either behavioral or vehicle-based. One type of vehicle-based strategy is seat belt warning systems. Webbelted and unbelted occupants. In this Issue, Documents In 2005, Congress passed legislationthe Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users (SAFETEA-LU)[37] We especially seek comment on whether a rear seat belt warning should be required for high-occupancy vehicles such as 15-passenger vans, large sport utility vehicles, school buses, and large trucks and vans with a GVWR less than or equal to 4,536 kg (10,000 lb).[86]. Risk of injury for occupants of motor vehicle collisions from For example, would a less sophisticated warning, such as a specialized system of mirrors, be sufficient to inform the driver about the status of the rear seat belts? The agency's research has noted that no clear consensus exists about which warning system features are most acceptable,[70] NHTSA also seeks comment on the potential for false warnings, and how this might be addressed. Fifteen-passenger vans are classified as buses because they are designed for carrying more than ten persons. However, research has not yet firmly established which system characteristics are optimal. NHTSA seeks comment on, among other things, potential requirements for such systems, the vehicles to which they should apply, their effectiveness, the likely consumer acceptance, and the associated costs and benefits. GM also offered rear seat belt warning systems as standard equipment in the United States (starting in MY 2010 for the Cadillac SRX and MY 2011 for the Volt) and such systems were offered on the Cadillac MY 2016 XTS and MY 2015 ELR, as well as the MY 2016 Chevy SS. Impact and crash calculations are conducted at Porsche Seatbelt anchorage any 0 - 50 using the LS-Dyna 3D Finite Element Program. ECE Regulation No. c. PbSO4\mathrm{PbSO}_4PbSO4 documents in the last year, 84 See S571.3. migraine headaches If you estimate potential costs or burdens, explain how you arrived at your estimate in sufficient detail to allow for it to be reproduced. The warning system in such vehicles might be required to automatically connect the electrical connections when the seat is put in place or, if a manual electrical connection is required, the connectors might be required to be readily accessible. Learn more here. 0000057688 00000 n 17. 2007. Register documents. 13771 (82 FR 9339 (Feb. 3, 2017)) because it is an advance notice of proposed rulemaking.Start Printed Page 51090.
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