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Between 1880 and 1920, southern West Virginias population grew from 93,000 to 446,000, due almost entirely to the coal industry. One threat the animals and birds could detect was the odor of gas that oozed from the ancient vegetation compacted over the ages. Lists annual pay for individuals occupying administrative and supervisory positions in the executive and judicial branches. Shows data for unskilled male laborers in each of 13 industries, as well as an overall average. Source: BLS, Shows the average daily wages of day laborers, farm hands, clerks, bookkeepers, government employees, and army members in Lithuania. Mentions the wages paid to both skilled and unskilled workers in francs. Salt operators eventually hired more white or free-black laborers due to the risk of investing money in bondsmen, who frequently were killed or injured in the mines. Describes the labor policy of Canada in the 1920's and throughout the rest of the early 20th century. FromTHE DEVIL HERE IN THESE HILLS(Atlantic Monthly Press), now out in paperback. "In this region, I presume that a fee of $200 would be a pretty fair estimate of the surgeon's charge for operation and the after-treatment there would be between the operation and the death of the patient." Mr. Shows prices for articles of clothing sold in 35 retailer shops in twelve cities. Source: BLS, Shows the average wages for an 8 hour work day in Riga within various industry groups. How Thatcher broke the miners' strike but at what cost? Wages are shown in Finnish marks. Source: BLS. For easier browsing, the information is. Wages are shown in both contemporary Yen and US dollars. This article reprinted from a January 1923 edition of, This source quotes medians (the mid-point, with 50% falling below the line), first quartiles (25% falling below) and third quartiles (75% falling below). Workers focused on the pace of work, safety, and wages. As a novice, Keeney learned the colliers trade from older craftsmenthe skills of cutting the face, setting the charges, and loading the coal without wrenching his back or crippling himself. Also shows average family size in each state. Source: BLS, Shows the average wage rates for 19 different occupations in Hamburg, Germany. Teacher salaries for. Separate listings forinspectors, police superintendents, captains, sergeants, privates, etc. Every workday a panel of miners, ranging from fourteen to twenty-eight men, passed through a main entry and then turneddown a side entry. To view an issue of interest, select it from the list and click View. Source: BLS. Discusses household expenditures for electricity, and estimates the number of homes that had various electrical appliances (radios, refrigerators, irons, etc.) Salary data for teachers, principals and school administrators in New York City, Philadelphia, Cleveland, Detroit, St. Louis, Chicago and Kansas City. Mine foremen attempted various forms of industrial discipline to maximize productivity, but in the early 1900s, coal miners experienced little of the supervision foremen and factory managers imposed on workers; in fact, veteran colliers often became surly when a mine foreman came by their place on his little scooter to check on them. Board a ship to cross the wave; Priced by the single unit. Also shows rowboat and pack horse rental rates, cost for guided tours, and transportation fares. After workers had advanced the mine face to the end of the seam, veterans began the dangerous work of removing the massive coal pillars that stood between the rooms and helped support the mine top. 2-4. Tables are broken down by type of job, gender of employee, and geography. 514. Other enslaved African Americans escaped from the salt works to Ohio, a free state only 60 miles away. See "Blood donation" in. Workers, Kohinoor mine, Shenandoah, Pennsylvania, 1884, Managers, Kohinoor mine, Shenandoah, Pennsylvania, 1884. Total Pay. Pennsylvania's investment in anthracite iron paid dividends for the industrial economy of the state and proved that coal could be adapted to a number of industrial pursuits. Includes wage data for Chicago as well. Indicates prices per kilowatt-hour by areas and cities. See the. Covers more than 1,200 cities. Shows wages and hours of workers in the cotton industry over a 23 year period. This website does a good job of organizing a complex topic. It is not yet available to read online; check your local library for a printed copy. Shows pay for those involved in "1st class New York City productions" including actors of various levels (from chorus to leads) as well as directors, designers, scene painters, stage hands, etc. Fearful of the danger, frightened by the blackest darkness he could imagine, and repelled by the coal dust that clung to him like a layer of skin, Washington vowed to get an education and rise out of the coal pits, just as he had risen up from slavery.. over the years. Wages on pages34-40. Source: U.S. Congressional Serial Set vol. In some cases, when a shot backfired out of the hole, it ignited coal dust or gas in the miners room and sent fire bursting into the main tunnel, where it could burn or suffocate the mules and their drivers passing through. Before the 1930s, many boys worked in mines. Managements steam whistle now set the times. Wages of certain women in the District of Columbia. asked the Secretary of State for Employment whether he will publish in the OFFICIAL REPORT as 89W detailed information as may be readily available showing the numbers and groupings of employees in the coal mines working at the surface and face, respectively, whose basic rates of pay on 1st November 1973 were below the national average wage of 42 per week ; and how far . Prices are shown in Japanese yen. Wages are shown in Spanish pesetas. Published 1921. On one hand, the miners discipline and death-defying courage made them ideal industrial soldiers; on the other hand, the qualities the men forged in underground combat with the elementsbravery, fraternal fealty, and group solidarityhardened them for aboveground combat with their employers. He later recalled his terror at being lost in a maze of underground rooms when his lamp went out. More passenger air fares from other sources: Household items: Discussion covers the history of minimum wage legislation in Australia, New Zealand, Great Britain, Canada, South Africa, Mexico, France, Norway, Argentina, Germany, Spain, Switzerland, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Uruguay, Hungary, Poland, Italy, and Rumania (Romania) up to 1928. Source: U.S. BLS Bulletin, no. During the Great Depression output was nearly halved from 680 million tons to 360 million. The need to correct these abuses led the UMWA to demand the employment of a check-weigh man whom the miners could trust. Wages are shown in Italian lire. Every day his lifes in danger, Source: BLS, Shows wages of various industrial and agricultural gender, in both Romanian leu and contemporary U.S. dollars. Source: BLS Monthly Labor Review (April 1931). See also "C" tab above for carpenters, cement workers, etc. Regardless of what their state government might or might not do to protect them, the miners of West Virginia had to rely on themselves and their buddies, rather than on company fire bosses and state mine inspectors, whose numbers were few and whose visits were infrequent. See list of the most common occupations for women in 1910 and 1920 (source: Census Bureau). Wages are shown in yen. A Day in the Life of a West Virginia Coal Miner Literary Hub Includes a table showing. ), carriages, cribs, high chairs, etc. Source: BLS, Shows the daily wages of workers in the glass factories of northern France. Source: the Historian of the U.S. Table 41 in this source shows the average salary for all teachers in elementary and secondary schools in New York state, not including NYC. This answer is: Study guides. Average weekly earnings of male and female workers in the British cotton industry are shown at four periods of time in 1924. Phone (573) 882-0748. Shows the weekly earnings for 9 occupations in Amsterdam, Haarlem, the Hague, and Rotterdam. First, the men had topush an empty coal car up wooden rails that they had installed on their own time. Shows salaries for officers, managers, clerks, operators, etc. Dollars. Wages are shown in 1930 US dollars. Prices are shown in contemporary US dollars. Shows the average weekly wages for a variety of occupations and industries in New Zealand. 664. They designed complex ventilation systems with fans and interior doors to keep dangerous gases from causing explosions. By 1910, more Italian immigrants lived in McDowell County than anywhere else in the state. Wages are shown in Mexican pesos. Source: U.S. Dept of Agriculture. Boys learned the mining craft from their fathers and later passed this knowledge on to their own sons. Wages shown in 1930 US dollars. Wages are shown in Spanish pesetas. Includes both land and buildings. As former miner Gary Bentley of Kentucky remarked in a recent New York Times article, Its not going to make a comeback. The struggle between workers and managers in the workplace played out vividly in the Pennsylvania coal mines. Scroll forward and back to see the various cities for which average food prices are available. China's worst coal mine disasters - The China Project Coal operators enticed workersmany African Americanto move to West Virginia from Virginia and the Deep South. After the Civil War, industrialization meant a nearly limitless demand for anthracite and bituminous coal, and hundreds of thousands of new jobs spurred a population boom in the region, which stretches from western New York state to Alabama. Expressed in dollars and also as a percentage of the property value. Prices are shown in Hungarian crowns. Typically, workers could get an advance on pay, in company-issued paper currency, called scrip, or tokens to buy goods. Report published in 1925 mainly covers wages in manufacturing industries. Wages are shown in Belgian francs. Some stopped the cars by jamming pieces of wood into the spokes. After checking in, they climbed up a steep trail from the office to the portal of a mine. Source: Bulletin #269 of the North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station, "Farm Family Living Among White Owner and Tenant Operators in Wake County," pages 24-28. BookTok is Good, Actually: On the Undersung Joys of a Vast and Multifarious Platform, Seven Crime Novels Centered Around Musicians Out in 2023, Arlington Road: The Conspiracy Thriller That Foresaw the Spread of Far-Right Extremism in America, If you want to laugh, watch this Mitchell and Webb sketch about inviting Shaggy and Scooby Doo to a party, Uncrackable: 5 Films Featuring Devilishly Difficult Heists. After undercutting the face, the collier turned the crank on a five-and-a-half-foot-long breast auger and pushed with all his weight to bore a hole high on the face. These figures are shown by occupation, sex, and region. Report published in 1927 includes extensive wage data for women in Tennessee by race, industry, education, and more, circa 1925. An increase in annual vacation pay was also stipulated.Wage Chronology: Bituminous . The miners dressed in overalls, or bank clothes, for working the coal banks and wore cloth caps fitted with small oil lamps that lit their way in the tunnels. Wages are shown in Czech krone. Copy. Knickerbockers, shirts, high school boy's suits, boy's fine suits, overcoats, winter coats, jackets, pajamas, rain coats, caps and hats, shoes. Its an era of company town labor we are not likely to see return as automation and renewable energy continue to render these kinds of occupations obsolete. For hours on end, a trapper boys ears would take in the strange sounds made by creaking timbers, rattling coal cars, clopping mules, and thudding blasts of explosions deep in the mine, while his eyes would behold surreal sights, like the white bones of ancient fish skeletons and the remains of tropical plants when they were illuminated by the miners lamps. Chain store prices for a pack of Lucky Strike, Chesterfield, Camel, Old Gold or Piedmont. Income statistics of full time professional women were published in study by the Association of Business and Professional Women. Source: BLS. Source: Chicago Commission on Race Relations report. Source: Very simple table shows average hours and earnings for all production workers in manufacturing for each year from 1919-1960. Shows the average weekly hours and hourly wages for workers in the boot and shoe industry. Covers Great Britain, France, Belgium, Germany, Sweden, Norway, Switzerland, Italy and Austria. About half of the surveyed penal institutions gave prisoners some compensation, based on its use as incentive toward good work and better behavior, and to provide the convict with a small way to provide for his family. Source: BLS. View object record Miner's hat, about 1930 Source: This calculator can be used to determine the historical purchasing power of currency in the United Kingdom from 1270 to 2017. Source: AAUP report. 408, Shows the wages of a variety of occupations in the capital of Argentina. The craftiness and deftness of the best colliers was most evident when they performed the riskiest task of all. 407. Source: Source: BLS Handbook of Labor Statistics, 1931 edition. Source: BLS, Shows prices of dozens of food and grocery items, soap, coal, wood by the cord, matches by the box and, Shows the amount spent by a typical Canadian family on food, laundry, fuel/lighting, and rent over time. Tables 6-13 show farm land prices by county in IA, MN, ND, ID, OH, KY, NC and TX. Source: Median wages for butlers, chauffeurs, gardeners, furnace men and "house men" employed to work in private households in Philadelphia in the late 1920s. Table 26 shows wages for laborers with board for every year from 1780-1937; the, In the 1920s, people could sell their blood to hospitals for$35-50 perquart. Survey covered only white families over a certain. Compares average retail prices for drug-store items at independent stores and chain stores in Cincinnati and Washington DC. The region's first coal miners primarily were African Americans, both enslaved and free. When a miner and his helper approached the entry to their room, danger lurked in almost every move they made. Shows prices by month and year. In the 1920s decade, 8% to 12%of peopleaged18-21enrolled incollege. April 26, 1942. A trapper like Frank had to pay close attention to his duties, opening and closing the doors regularly to keep the air moving and to allow coal cars to pass back and forth. 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