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What is a Dictatorship? Examples and Characteristics - Study.com Dictatorship Countries And Their Leaders | Countries Ruled by Dictators | 2019 Rankings On Time 1.62K subscribers 95K views 3 years ago Dictatorship Countries And Their Leaders | Countries Ruled. What countries are currently ruled by dictatorships? - Quora There must be more than one party competing in the elections. The Freedom in the World report evaluates the state of freedom in 195 countries and 14 territories, assigning a score between 0 and 4 in a series of 25 indicators to give a final score of 100. Some of the principal drivers of indoctrination are mass education policies, propaganda, and censorship. Who Are The Dictators of Latin America? - The Hague Peace The name a democracy gives itself or its office does not indicate what type of democracy it is. As the dictatorship becomes more established, it moves away from violence by resorting to the use of other coercive measures, such as restricting people's access to information and tracking the political opposition. Far-left and far-right dictatorships used similar methods to maintain power, including cult of personality, concentration camps, forced labour, mass murder, and genocide. [128]. Human habitation in Afghanistan dates back to the Middle Paleolithic Era, and the country's strategic location along the Silk Road connected it to the cultures of the Middle East and other parts of Asia. This article focuses on the five communist countries that are still adherent to Marxism-Leninism. Military dictatorship: 2. Political culture: 5.00. Typically, dictators rise to power when a nation faces significant social issues, such as strong economic crises or unrest among the nation's people. He was also ranked 19th in Parade Magazine's Top 20 list of "The World's Worst Dictators". Zimbabwe - 1980 to present - Robert Mugabe. Dictators are more likely to implement long-term investments into the country's economy if they feel secure in their power. The chief executive must be chosen by popular election or by a body that was itself popularly elected. [9], Gugiu & Centellas developed the Democracy Cluster Classification Index that integrates five democracy indicators (including the DD dataset, Polity dataset), clustering 24 American and 39 European regimes over 30 years.[2]. The military takes control of the country (usually through a direct coup), installs the dictator of its choosing (typically the highest-ranking military officer), and uses force of arms to preserve its power. [6], The opposition to a dictatorship represents all of the factions that are not part of the dictatorship and anyone that does not support the regime. [17] Between 1946 and 2010, 42% of dictatorships began by overthrowing a different dictatorship, and 26% began after achieving independence from a foreign government. US Provides Military Assistance to 73 Percent of World's Dictatorships In democracies, the threat of a military coup is associated with the period immediately after a democracy's creation but prior to large-scale military reforms. A dictatorship is a type of government in which a single personthe dictatoror party has absolute power. Its goal is to force compliance by demobilizing or annihilating actors of opposition. 10 Biggest Countries Ruled by Dictators - Insider Monkey Elections allow a dictatorship to exercise some control over the opposition by setting the terms under which the opposition challenges the regime. Current dictatorships include Russia, Equatorial New Guinea, and North Korea. [1], The dictator exercises broad power over the government and society, but other individuals are necessary to carry out the dictator's rule. [34] When a one-party dictatorship develops gradually through legal means, in can result in conflict between the party organization and the state apparatus and civil service, as the party rules in parallel and increasingly appoints its own members to positions of power. [116] Dictatorships in the Middle East are primarily guided by Islamic nationalism. [79] Fascism developed in Europe as a rejection of liberalism, socialism, and modernism, and the first fascist political parties formed in the 1920s. Poverty has a destabilizing effect on government, causing democracy to fail and regimes to fall more often. However, a political rights score of 6 or 7 corresponds most closely with our definition of dictatorship, based on Freedom House's characterization: 6 Countries and territories with a rating of 6 have very restricted political rights. [99] A 1953 coup overseen by the American and British governments restored Mohammad Reza Pahlavi as the absolute monarch of Iran, who in turn was overthrown during the Iranian Revolution of 1979 that established Ruhollah Khomeini as the Supreme Leader of Iran under an Islamist government. The group may be military or political, it may be organized or disorganized, and it may disproportionately represent a certain demographic. These nationalist movements supported non-alignment, keeping most Middle Eastern dictatorships out of the American and Soviet spheres of influence. Perhaps someday some of these modern dictatorships will cast off their dictators and embrace a more democratic and inclusive form of government. A Roman dictator was a special magistrate that was temporarily appointed by the consul during times of crisis and granted total executive authority. A political rival accused Obiang of cannibalism in 2004, but no evidence to support the claim has ever surfaced. Semi-competitive elections also have the effect of incentivizing members of the ruling party to provide better treatment of citizens so they will be chosen as party nominees due to their popularity. But this is not the first time Myanmar is having the bitter taste of autocracy, in fact, their governance turned . Democracies can be either parliamentary, semi-presidential, or presidential and dictatorships can be civilian, military, or royal. [8]:457 Elected heads of state are usually referred to as "president." Dictatorship - Definition, Examples, Cases, Processes - Legal Dictionary [94], Marxist and nationalist movements became popular in Southeast Asia as a response to colonial control and the subsequent Japanese occupation of Southeast Asia, with both ideologies facilitating the creation of dictatorships after World War II. On average, they last twice as long as military dictatorships, but not as long as one-party dictatorships. The economic focus of a dictatorship often depends on the strength of the opposition, as a weaker opposition allows a dictator to extract additional wealth from the economy through corruption.[125]. List of 19 Main Pros and Cons of Dictatorships - ConnectUS The 20th century saw the rise of fascist and communist dictatorships in Europe; fascism was eradicated in the aftermath of World War II in 1945, while communism spread to other continents, maintaining prominence until the end of the Cold War in 1991. Caudillos were often nominally constrained by a constitution, but the caudillo had the power to draft a new constitution as he wished. (2010), and further developed and maintained by Cheibub, Gandhi, and Vreeland (2009). [47] Personalist dictatorships also experience growth differently, as they often lack the institutions or qualified leadership to sustain an economy. This does not indicate cases of semi-democracy or semi-dictatorship. [73], The first communist state was created by Vladimir Lenin and the Bolsheviks with the establishment of Soviet Russia during the Russian Revolution in 1917. Monarchies: 3. 10 African countries That are currently ruled by dictators. Another controversial dictator is General Augusto Pinochet (1915-2006) of Chile. This violence is frequently exercised through institutions such as military or police forces. Hybrid dictatorships blend elements of the other four types. [147] The use of violence by a dictator is frequently most severe during the first few years of a dictatorship, because the regime has not yet solidified its rule and more detailed information for targeted coercion is not yet available. Source by babeltravel. 5. [26] Ruling parties in one-party dictatorships are distinct from political parties that were created to serve a dictator in that the ruling party in a one-party dictatorship permeates every level of society. List Of Dictatorship Countries & Countries Ruled by Dictator - Ranker This means that the ruler or party has complete control. Stability can be weakened when opposition groups grow and unify or when elites are not loyal to the regime. [91], The Chinese Civil War ended in 1949, splitting the Republic of China under Chiang Kai-shek and the People's Republic of China under Mao Zedong. Latin America experienced a dramatic political change in the last quarter of the twentieth century. Single-party dictatorships were most common during the Cold War, with dominant-party dictatorships becoming more common after the fall of the Soviet Union. It was initially aligned with Yugoslavia, but its alignment shifted throughout the Cold War between Yugoslavia, the Soviet Union, and China. Exceptions to the pattern of poverty in dictatorships include oil-rich Middle Eastern dictatorships and the East Asian Tigers during their periods of dictatorship. Many personalist regimes will install open ballots to protect their regimes and implement heavy security measures and censorship for those whose personal preferences do not align with the values of the leader. Democracy - Our World in Data Like most dictators, they also often employ secret police and violence to silence critics. The type of dictatorship a country is ruled by typically comes down to the methods the dictator used to obtain power and how they go about maintaining it. But for today, these are the world's dictatorships. Van den Bosch, Jeroen J. J., Personalist Rule in Africa and Other World Regions, (London-New York: Routledge, 2021): 13-16, wave of left-wing revolutionary movements, List of countries by system of government, "Review: Totalitarianism, Social Science, and the Margins", "Generals, Dictators, and Kings: Authoritarian Regimes and Civil Conflict, 19732004", "Elites, Single Parties and Political Decision-making in Fascist-era Dictatorships", "Theories of dictatorships: sub-types and explanations", "Personalization of Power and Repression in Dictatorships", "The Tyranny of Dictatorship: When the Greek Tyrant Met the Roman Dictator", "The Five Ancient Criteria of Democracy: The Apotheosis of Equality", "When was the title Dictator perpetuus given to Caesar? Cuba - Dictatorship 5. This is understandable, as the terms are very similar. Which countries have dictatorship government? - Sage-Answers [98] Several Middle Eastern countries were the subject of military coups in the 1950s and 1960s, including Iraq, Syria, North Yemen, and South Yemen. Latin American Dictators - Leaders in Complete Control - ThoughtCo Also, dictatorships . Ruling parties allow a dictatorship to more broadly influence the populace and facilitate political agreement between party elites. - Quora Answer (1 of 66): I will give the country names as well as who the dictator is. Dictatorships can be formed by a military coup that overthrows the previous government through force or by a self-coup in which elected leaders make their rule permanent. Through the ages, Algeria, officially People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a country in North Africa on the Mediterranean coast. Latin America's new generation of dictators. Among the 10 dictatorship countries profiled, poverty is endemic. 10 Absolute Worst African Dictators - Afrikanza [146], In a dictatorship, violence is used to coerce or repress all opposition to the dictator's rule, and the strength of a dictatorship depends on its use of violence. While Latin America, Asia, and Africa were already dictatorship countries, they differed from the dictatorships formed in what became known as the Eastern Bloc. Current Heads of State & Dictators - Planet Rulers, President Faustin Archange Touadera of the, President Flix Tshilombo Tshisekedi of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, President Denis Sassou Nguesso of the Republic of the Congo, President Teodoro Mbasogo of Equatorial Guinea, President Abdel Fattah Abdelrahman Burhan of. 1. Dictatorship | Definition, Characteristics, Countries, & Facts | Britannica One person holds all of the country's power. Miguel Daz-Canel, the son of Ral Castro who replaced him as president of Cuba, has kept the dictatorship structure in place that was established by Fidel Castro during the Cuban revolution. [133] A dictator may negotiate the end of a regime if it has lost legitimacy or if a violent removal seems likely. Interestingly, most modern dictatorships do not use the term "dictator" to. Marxist one-party states are sometimes distinguished from other one-party states, but they function similarly. Perhaps someday some of these modern dictatorships will cast off their dictators and embrace a more democratic and inclusive form of government. Iraq, Israel, Lebanon, and Palestine are the only democratic nations in the region, with Israel being the only nation in this region that affords broad political liberties to its citizens. Personalist dictators may be members of the military or leaders of a political party, but neither the military nor the party exercises power independently from the dictator. [42] Within a personalist regime an issue called "The dictators dilemma" arises. Click to visit dictatorship | Definition, Characteristics, Countries The leader of a dictatorship is called a dictator. 3. Poverty alleviation in these 10 dictatorship countries is in some cases associated with human rights abuses, violent crackdowns on the political opposition and indigenous people. Political control is any tactic through which the state seeks to gain compliance from society. Dictators are usually backed (especially financially) by groups of powerful people. ], Based on the regime binary classification idea proposed by Alvarez in 1996,[5] and the Democracy and Development (or DD measure, ACLP dataset) proposed by Przeworski et al. List of Countries of the world in alphabetical order (A to Z) - Worldometer Teodoro Obiang Nguesma Mbasogo overthrew his uncle Macias in 1979 in a bloody coup. Personalist regimes diverge from other regimes when it comes to their longevity, methods of breakdown, levels of corruption, and proneness to conflicts. On a similar note, a dictatorship's regular citizens have no voice in most matters. While Thailand remains the world's last active military dictatorship, other notable examples of modern countries with histories of military rule include: Brazil, Chile, Argentina, and Greece. When the war ended, these countries were incorporated into the Soviet sphere of influence, and the Soviet Union exercised control over their governments. An autocracy, monarchy, and dictatorship. [76][77] The Russian Revolution inspired a wave of left-wing revolutionary movements in Europe between 1917 and 1923, but none saw the same level of success. Binary measure of democracy and dictatorship, Six-fold regime classification scheme and its rules, Comparison with other democracy-measuring data sets, Studies in Comparative International Development, "Minimalist Conception of Democracy: A Defense", Przeworski, Alvarez, Cheibub, and Limongi: Democracy and development, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Democracy-Dictatorship_Index&oldid=1141715357, All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases, Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from February 2023, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from January 2023, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. Dictatorship Countries And Their Leaders - YouTube [52], Dictatorship is historically associated with the Ancient Greek concept of tyranny, and several ancient Greek rulers have been described as "tyrants" that are comparable to modern dictators. ( 1, 2, 3) 5 Paul Kagame, the 60-year-old President of Rwanda, has been in power since 1994 when his rebel army ended the genocide which had killed 800,000 people. Monarchies may be dynastic, in which the royal family serves as a ruling institution similar to a political party in a one-party state, or they may be non-dynastic, in which the monarch rules independently of the royal family as a personalist dictator. He all but eradicated corruption. The number of countries ruled by military dictatorships began to fall sharply after the end of the Cold War in the early 1990s. [51] In the modern era, absolute monarchies are most common in the Middle East.
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